{"id":128823,"date":"2022-05-26T11:04:02","date_gmt":"2022-05-26T15:04:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/news\/?p=128823"},"modified":"2022-07-12T13:23:17","modified_gmt":"2022-07-12T17:23:17","slug":"brain-on-a-chip-technology-advances-toward-a-new-form-of-drug-screening","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/news\/brain-on-a-chip-technology-advances-toward-a-new-form-of-drug-screening\/","title":{"rendered":"&#8216;Brain-on-a-Chip&#8217; Technology Advances Toward a New Form of Drug Screening"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/research\/\">麻豆原创 researcher\u2019s<\/a> work to create a \u201cbrain-on-a-chip\u201d aims to improve neurological disorder research by speeding up drug discovery and providing an alternative to animal testing.<\/p>\n<p>James Hickman \u2014 professor of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/degree\/chemistry-bs\/\">chemistry<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/degree\/biomedical-sciences-bs\/\">biomolecular sciences<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/degree\/electrical-engineering-bsee\/\">electrical engineering<\/a> \u2014 recently published some of his latest findings in the journals <em>Stem Cell Reports<\/em> and <em>Advanced Therapeutics<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>These studies explain advancements in his research group\u2019s efforts to develop the functional neural model otherwise known as a \u201cbrain-on-a-chip.\u201d Such a model could revolutionize neurological research by replicating the pathologies of neurological disorders and rare autoimmune neuropathies, without the need for testing on human or animal subjects.<\/p>\n<p>The <em>Stem Cell Reports<\/em> paper demonstrated the capability to grow and differentiate cortical neurons \u2014 known to be responsible for a majority of higher brain function \u2014 into fully mature and functional cells.<\/p>\n<p>These neurons were then incorporated into a circuit functioning as a simulated system, where the researchers were able to induce long-term potentiation (LTP). LTP \u2014 which allows for memory formation \u2014 is a key phenomenon in the study of cognition, and one that has mostly evaded direct observation in human models.<\/p>\n<p>The World Health Organization estimates that about 55 million people worldwide suffer from Alzheimer\u2019s and related dementias affecting cognition.<\/p>\n<p>Studies performed on immature stem cells or mature primary cells cannot show the impact of these disorders before they escalate to full-blown cell death.<\/p>\n<p>Simulated models like Hickman\u2019s, however, could get ahead of the disease \u2014 allowing researchers to test whether a drug is capable of lessening early-stage effects or preventing symptoms entirely.<\/p>\n<p>Hickman\u2019s project uses pluripotent stem cells \u2014 derived from somatic cells, and capable of self-renewing and developing into any type of cell in the human body \u2014 as a starting material.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe can take pluripotent stem cells and differentiate them into mature cortical neurons,\u201d Hickman says. \u201cSo, now, there are two ways of doing drug discovery: targeting a protein within a certain biochemical pathway, which is how the majority of pharmaceutical companies do it, and what we do \u2014 taking the complex system and creating a phenotypic model.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIf we can test the phenotypic disease model and bring it to the same function as the non-disease model with a therapeutic, then the FDA will likely accept that as data that proves efficacy, allowing a drug to go forward if there is acceptable safety data,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n<p>In this way, the phenotypic model \u2014 created as part of Hickman\u2019s Hybrid Systems Lab\u2019s goal of \u201cengineering the interface between biological and non-biological systems to construct next-generation systems for toxicology, drug discovery and basic biology research\u201d \u2014 could also provide an alternative to animal testing.<\/p>\n<p>麻豆原创 has licensed many of the patents on which Hickman is an inventor to Hesperos, a company he helped launch. At both Hesperos and the Hybrid Systems Lab, researchers work to advance neural modeling to the point where neurological disorders \u2014 and especially rare diseases \u2014 are no longer treated as unmanageable.<\/p>\n<p>In the <em>Advanced Therapeutics<\/em> study, the researchers demonstrated that a model similar to the one used in the <em>Stem Cell Reports <\/em>study could be used to recreate the pathology of two rare autoimmune neuropathies: chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy and multifocal motor neuropathy. Then, the research group tested how a Sanofi compound affected the modeled pathologies. They were able to establish efficacy with their platform, allowing the drug to move to Phase II clinical trials \u2014 thus bringing it one step closer to helping patients suffering from these diseases.<\/p>\n<p>Hickman says these recent discoveries indicate the researchers \u201cpotentially have a screen where we can look at therapeutics before the cells start dying, which would tell us if one could reverse the effects of a disorder.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Hickman received his Ph.D. in chemistry from MIT in 1990 and has worked at 麻豆原创 since 2004.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Brain-on-a-chip simulated models hold the potential to revolutionize and accelerate the way new drugs are discovered.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":199,"featured_media":128827,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"lazy_load_responsive_images_disabled":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":"","_wp_rev_ctl_limit":""},"categories":[5,23,24],"tags":[653,13545,1516,3279],"tu_author":[],"class_list":["post-128823","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-colleges","category-research","category-science-technology","tag-burnett-school-of-biomedical-sciences","tag-department-of-chemistry","tag-electrical-engineering","tag-nanoscience-technology-center"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>&#039;Brain-on-a-Chip&#039; Technology Advances Toward a New Form of Drug Screening | 麻豆原创 News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A 麻豆原创 researcher\u2019s work to create a \u201cbrain-on-a-chip\u201d aims to improve neurological disorder research by speeding up drug discovery and providing an\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/news\/brain-on-a-chip-technology-advances-toward-a-new-form-of-drug-screening\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"&#039;Brain-on-a-Chip&#039; Technology Advances Toward a New Form of Drug Screening\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A 麻豆原创 researcher\u2019s work to create a \u201cbrain-on-a-chip\u201d aims to improve neurological disorder research by speeding up drug discovery and providing an\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/news\/brain-on-a-chip-technology-advances-toward-a-new-form-of-drug-screening\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"麻豆原创 News | 麻豆原创 Today\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/麻豆原创\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-05-26T15:04:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-07-12T17:23:17+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ucf.edu\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/20\/files\/2022\/05\/hickman_for_web.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Robert Wells\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@麻豆原创\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@麻豆原创\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Robert Wells\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ucf.edu\\\/news\\\/brain-on-a-chip-technology-advances-toward-a-new-form-of-drug-screening\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ucf.edu\\\/news\\\/brain-on-a-chip-technology-advances-toward-a-new-form-of-drug-screening\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Robert Wells\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.ucf.edu\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9512118dceafb8df4e29be3674361895\"},\"headline\":\"&#8216;Brain-on-a-Chip&#8217; 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